Episode 34 ~2:00 LV Switchgear EN · العربية

What IEC 61439 actually verifies

IEC 61439 did not make "type-tested assembly" the benchmark. It replaced the term in 2009 with three equivalent routes of design verification, and the 2020 edition says tests made to the old IEC 60439 need not be repeated where their results meet the current requirements. The Saudi documents we read cite the new series, and none asks for TTA. What changes is the rating, at 60 Hz and in Saudi heat.

A low-voltage assembly on the panel shop floor with an open cubicle
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What you'll walk away with

Four ideas to carry into the next LV assembly specification you write or review.

01

The word is design verification, not TTA.

IEC's own abstract: the TTA and PTTA distinction "is eliminated by the verification approach". The original manufacturer verifies each design by test, comparison or assessment, under a competent person (10.1, 2020 edition). No accredited laboratory is required unless the specification asks for one.

02

Routine verification, on every panel.

Nine items, 11.2 to 11.10, by the assembly manufacturer. Most begin as inspection; the dielectric check is made every time: 1 s at power frequency or, for incoming protection up to 630 A and 500 V, insulation resistance of at least 1 MΩ at 500 V DC (2020 edition).

03

Saudi documents cite IEC 61439, not TTA.

SASO's 2023 EMC regulation lists SASO IEC 61439-1 to -6, undated. SEC 31-SDMS-07C Rev.0 cites IEC 61439-1 and asks 25 kA for 1 s. SABER's non-regulated list, read 9 October 2026, holds seven 12-digit codes under 8537.10; the code declared for the product decides the route.

04

60 Hz and heat change the rating.

IEC 61439-1:2020, 10.10.3.1: above 800 A a 50 Hz temperature-rise result is worth 95% at 60 Hz (2500 A becomes 2375 A) unless the rise stayed within 90%. Above a 35 °C daily mean, 10.10.3.6 recalculates the current: in a simplified example where a 70 K terminal governs, about 0.86 at 50 °C.

START WITH THE WORD
TTA is the vocabulary of a withdrawn standard
1999IEC 60439-1:1999type-tested and partially type-tested2009IEC 61439-1:2009TTA and PTTA replaced by verification2011IEC 61439-1:2011Edition 2.0, withdrawn in 20202014BS EN 60439-1BSI withdraws the old standard2020IEC 61439-1:2020Edition 3.0, in force2026IEC TS 61641:2026internal arc moves to a TS
IEC 61439-1:2020, 10.1: earlier IEC 60439 test results need not be repeated if they meet the current edition. Specify design and routine verification to IEC 61439-2.
THE SAUDI LAYER
Saudi rules already name IEC 61439, not TTA
SASOEMC regulation listsparts 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6SABER7 codes under 8537.10non-regulated by codeGSO BD-142004-01Saudi Arabia: the only60 Hz grid in the tableSEC 31-SDMS-07Ccites IEC 61439-1, -625 kA for 1 sProjectclient terms may add tests
In these documents we found no request for TTA, ASTA or KEMA. A project may add one; that is a contract term, not a regulation.
TWO ROLES
Clause 10 and Clause 11 bind two roles
Clause 10original manufacturerdesign verification, once per designClause 11assembly manufacturerroutine verification, every panelbuilds to the instructions, met in fulladds an arrangement the original never verifiedand is deemed the original manufacturer for itclause 10.1, IEC 61439-1:2020
A breaker tested to its own standard is not the assembly's design verification. Clause 10.1 says so in one sentence.
THREE ROUTES
Test, compare or assess: the menu differs by row
testcompareassessstrength of materials10.2degree of protection10.3clearances10.4creepage distances10.4shock protection10.5switching devices10.6internal circuits10.7external terminals10.8dielectric properties10.9temperature rise10.10short circuit10.11EMC10.12opensome sub-itemsassessment only
Want a test or an accredited laboratory? Specify it.
A low-voltage assembly on the panel shop floor with an open cubicle

The numbers a submittal should carry

Every row names its clause and its edition. Rules marked 2020 were read from the published English text of IEC 61439-1:2020 clauses 10 and 11 and Tables 6 and 7; rows marked 2011 are a historical comparison.

Requirement Value Source
The two wordsdesign verification, routine verificationIEC 61439-1:2011, 3.9.1 and 3.9.2; 2020, 10 and 11
Design verifications11 in 2020 (10.2 to 10.12), 12 in 2011IEC 61439-1:2020, contents
Routine verifications9, clauses 11.2 to 11.10Clause 11, both editions
Routine dielectric1 s, trip current at least 3.5 mA; alternative up to 630 A and Un 500 V: at least 1 MΩ at 500 V DC (2011: 250 A, 1000 Ω/V)IEC 61439-1:2020, 11.9
Design dielectricpower frequency 60 s by test; impulse by test, AC or DC alternative, or assessment with clearances at 1.5 times Table 1IEC 61439-1:2020, 10.9.2, 10.9.3
Normal service ambient40 °C peak, 35 °C 24 h meanIEC 61439-1:2011, 7.1.1; 2020, Table 6 note
Terminal rise limit70 K, or the component maker's lower limit, at a 35 °C daily meanIEC 61439-1:2020, Table 6
Ambient adjustmentby agreement, 20 to 50 °C, I1/I2 = (ΔT1/ΔT2)^0.61; example: 0.86 at a 50 °C mean for a 70 K terminal tested at its limitIEC 61439-1:2020, 10.10.3.6
50 Hz result at 60 Hzunchanged to 800 A; above, 95% unless the rise stayed within 90%IEC 61439-1:2020, 10.10.3.1 (same in 2011)
Peak withstand floorn = 2.1 from 20 to 50 kA: 25 kA needs Ipk of at least 52.5 kAIEC 61439-1:2020, Table 7
Short-circuit exemptionIcw or Icc up to 10 kA; current-limiting cut-off up to 17 kA; small auxiliary transformers; converter outputs limited to 17 kAIEC 61439-1:2020, 10.11.2
SEC LV panel25 kA for 1 s; temperature rise at most 60 K (SEC writes 60 °C) above SEC's maximum ambient of 55 °C; instruments keep their own limit; IP54; 75 °C sun on metalSEC 31-SDMS-07C Rev.0, 10/2020, 7.1.2; 55 °C via 56-SDMS-05; read 2026-10-10
Saudi adoptionSASO IEC 61439-1, -2, -3, -5; SASO GSO IEC 61439-6; undatedSASO EMC regulation, Annex 1-a
SABER statusseven 12-digit codes under 853710 on the non-regulated list; the declared code sets the routeSABER, read 2026-10-09
EDITION DRIFT
The 2020 edition moved the clauses you cite
20112020mechanical operation10.1310.2.8Icw, short-time5.3.45.3.5Ipk, peak5.3.35.3.4Ing, group currentnone5.3.3temperature guidanceAnnex OAnnex Lbusbar calculationAnnex PAnnex Mambient adjustment9.2 note9.2.2a 10.13 in a submittal names a withdrawn edition
"13 tests" was the row count of a withdrawn table, not a list of tests. Cite the edition beside every clause number.
EVERY PANEL
Nine routine checks, one always a test
11.2degree of protection11.3clearances and creepage11.4protective circuits11.5built-in components11.6internal connections11.7external terminals11.8mechanical operation11.9dielectric, 1 s11.10wiring and functioninspectionfunctional checkinstrument test1 sroutine dielectricnot 60 s
11.1: routine verification confirms the manufacturing instructions and 6.2.1 documents. 2011 capped the alternative at 250 A.
THE LIMITS
Table 6 sets numbers, except for the busbars
terminals70 Khandle, metal15 Khandle, insulating25 Kcover, metal30 Kcover, insulating40 Kbusbars105 Kbusbar limit: a footnote, not a table row
A rise limit is kelvin above ambient. Above a 35 °C mean the current is adjusted (9.2.2); handles and covers may run hotter in absolute terms, with a W017 warning label. 
SAUDI HEAT
Above a 35 °C daily mean, the rating comes down
0.850.900.951.000.960.910.861.00example: 70 K terminal governs303540455024 h mean ambient, °C
SEC is a separate layer: 60 K is the rise limit in 31-SDMS-07C; 55 °C is SEC's maximum ambient (01-SDMS-01 via 56-SDMS-05), a peak, not the 24 h mean plotted here. 

Five things the standard says that specifications get backwards

Each one changes a line of a tender or a submittal review.

±25% is a test tolerance, not a frequency licence.

A common reading says a 50 Hz short-circuit test "crosses unchanged" to 60 Hz. It does not follow. IEC 61439-1:2020, 10.11.5.4, runs AC short-circuit tests at the assembly's rated frequency with a ±25% tolerance: a tolerance on the test, about a frequency the manufacturer has declared (5.5). A panel rated 50 Hz is not a 60 Hz panel until its manufacturer declares the 60 Hz ratings.

The standard asks for no accredited laboratory; the Saudi route depends on the product code.

Clause 10.1 (2020) puts design verification under the original manufacturer's responsibility, carried out or supervised by a competent person, with the method chosen by the original manufacturer. The GCC low-voltage regulation, BD-142004-01, permits accredited in-house laboratories. SABER's non-regulated list, read 9 October 2026, holds seven 12-digit codes under 8537.10, which take a supplier self-declaration and a shipment certificate; the code declared for your product decides, so confirm it on SABER before shipment. ASTA or KEMA certification is a commercial assurance layer a contract may require; an ASTA "Certificate of Short-Circuit Rating" covers short circuit only.

What may change before the verification stops applying.

IEC 61439-1:2020, 10.10.3.2: functional units of the same group, the same type of construction, the same or larger dimensions and cooling, the same or lower internal separation and losses. 10.10.3.3: an aluminium-busbar rating is valid for copper of the same section, never the reverse. 10.10.3.5: a device up to 1600 A may be swapped for another series or maker if its power loss and terminal rise are the same or lower under its product standard, with the physical arrangement kept; short circuit is checked separately (Table 13). And 10.1: if a verified assembly is modified, new verifications are carried out where an adverse effect is likely.

IEC 61439 conformity alone does not establish internal-arc performance.

Clause 10 of IEC 61439-1 has no internal-arc verification in either edition. IEC TS 61641:2026 (Edition 1.0, 19 August 2026) replaced IEC TR 61641:2014 and absorbed IEC TS 63107:2020. Its abstract describes passive protection by construction (door locks, hinges, pressure relief, barriers), active protection with an internal arc mitigation system (IAMS), and arc-ignition protected zones. It states that it does not consider conditions during maintenance work or the PPE used, so a classification does not authorise live work. AFLR is the medium-voltage classification of IEC 62271-200. Specify the zones, the permissible arc current and duration and the protection type as a contract term; Icw is not an arc rating.

The label names the part, and Part 0 is written for you.

In the 2011 text, clause 6.1 asks for at least four items on the designation label, the last being "IEC 61439-X" with the part identified: a label reading only "IEC 61439" is incomplete. The 2020 clause 6.1 was not re-read for this page. For the specification itself, IEC TR 61439-0:2022, Guidance to specifying assemblies, is the part of the series written for consultants, aligned with the 2020 edition.

SAUDI GRID
60 Hz trims a 50 Hz rating above 800 A
800160024001520 A2375 Arise within 90%800 A080016002400rated at 50 Hz against 60 Hz
Rated frequency is a declared characteristic (5.5). Get the 60 Hz Ing or Inc in writing. 
SHORT CIRCUIT, PART ONE
Icw needs its duration, and Ipk its floor
1.51.72.02.12.2n 1.5n 2.0010205025kA25 kA x 2.1 = at least 52.5 kA peak
Read a rating as a pair, Icw for the heat and Ipk for the force, and check both against the network's prospective current.
SHORT CIRCUIT, PART TWO
Same I²t is arithmetic, not a new rating
10203010 kA: exemption a), 10.11.225.0 kA17.7 kA14.4 kA1 s2 s3 ssame I²t: arithmetic, not a rating
A different duration is a rating only when the original manufacturer declares and verifies it. Exempt circuits still need devices fit for the fault level.
FORMS OF SEPARATION
Form 4 is a barrier, not arc containment
Form 1no internal separationForm 2busbars apart from unitsForm 3units apart, terminals notForm 4units and terminals apart
Working on one unit with its neighbours live is a separate agreement (8.4.6.2.3, 2011 numbering); compartments are one of five listed measures. 
Write this instead

The clause to write

Five lines, each naming a document, a quantity or a record. None of them says TTA, and none can be answered with an adjective.

a. Assemblies to IEC 61439-2:2020 with IEC 61439-1:2020 (SASO adoption, edition confirmed with SASO); the label names the part.

b. Design verification report for the arrangement offered, route per Table D.1 row, Ing or Inc declared at 60 Hz; routine record per serial number.

c. Rated currents at the site's stated 24 h mean ambient, by test or 10.10.3.6, limiting component and method shown.

d. Icw in kA for a stated time with Ipk, or Icc with its named protective device, at or above the prospective current; any 10.11.2 exemption stated with its condition.

e. Form of separation and maintenance case agreed; any internal-arc requirement to IEC TS 61641:2026, naming zones, arc current, duration and protection type.

Line c is the Saudi line: a rating at a 35 °C daily mean is not a rating in a hotter room.

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Sources & further reading

The clause, the edition, and which document owns it. Where only part of a document was read, the entry says so.

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