Episode 91 ~2:10 MV Switchgear EN · العربية

Color mixing, RGB vs CMY

Adding red + green + blue light = white. Mixing cyan + magenta + yellow paint = black. Both are correct, in opposite physical systems. Light is emissive, sources add together. Paint is reflective, pigments absorb (subtract) wavelengths. Tunable white LED, RGB strip lighting, and stage colour-mixing all use additive. Inkjet, offset, paint, subtractive.

Animated explainer, press play to watch the concepts now; the filmed cut publishes once production wraps.

What you'll walk away with

Four ideas to carry into the next specification conversation you have.

01

Light is additive, RGB.

Red + green = yellow light. + blue = white. The eye perceives the combined wavelengths.

02

Paint is subtractive, CMYK.

Each pigment absorbs (subtracts) certain wavelengths. Combined absorption = darker. All three = near-black.

03

Tunable white LED uses additive.

Mix 2700K + 6500K LEDs. The two emissions add to create intermediate CCTs.

04

RGB-W LED for full gamut.

Pure additive RGB can't render certain pastel skin tones. Adding a white phosphor LED + RGB chips = wider gamut for stage and architectural lighting.

Color models compared

Where additive and subtractive each rule.

Model Primaries Use
RGB additiveRed Green BlueLight / displays
CMY subtractiveCyan Magenta YellowPaint / pigment
CMYK printingCMY + Key (black)Inkjet / offset
RGB-W LEDRGB + WhiteStage / architectural
Tunable whiteWarm + Cool LEDOffice / hospitality
RGBWA LED+ AmberSkin tones / theatre
RGBL LED+ LimeSaturation push

Why both matter in lighting

Five places additive vs subtractive crosses in lighting design.

Painting surfaces reflect lit by light.

The eye sees painted surface = pigment subtractive × light source additive. Wrong light spectrum on right paint = wrong colour.

Tunable white = additive mix of two whites.

2700K LED + 6500K LED combined produces intermediate CCT. The mix is additive in the spectral domain.

Stage RGB-W can't render pastel skin.

Pure RGB has gamut limitations near white. RGBWA (with amber) or RGB + warm white needed for accurate skin in theatre and concerts.

Paint colour choice affects perceived lux.

Light wall (high reflectance) = bright room. Dark wall (low reflectance) absorbs subtractively. Same fixture, different room feel, interaction of additive light + subtractive paint.

Architectural RGB lighting = stage gamut.

Façade colour-changing uses RGB or RGB-W LED. Choice depends on whether designer wants saturated colour shows or accurate building-material rendering.

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