Episode 93 ~2:00 Fabrication

Sheet-metal gauges & grades

DKP, galvanised, stainless. Gauge to millimetre, weight to cost, and which grade survives a Jeddah salt-spray test. The metal you pick at design freezes the cost, the corrosion life, and how the workshop hates you.

Animated explainer, press play to watch the concepts now; the filmed cut publishes once production wraps.

What you'll walk away with

01

Gauge is a thickness, not a strength.

14-gauge sheet is 2.0 mm. 16-gauge is 1.5 mm. 20-gauge is 0.9 mm. Higher gauge number = thinner sheet. Same gauge in steel and aluminium are not the same stiffness.

02

DKP is the cheap default, and it rusts.

Drawing-quality cold-rolled steel is the workshop standard for painted enclosures. Bare DKP rusts in weeks. Only spec it indoors under a real paint system.

03

Galvanised buys you twenty years outdoors.

HDG Z275 carries 275 g/m² of zinc, ~20 microns each side. In Saudi inland environments it lasts 20+ years before red rust. Coastal halves it.

04

304 for coast. 316 for splash zone.

Jeddah and Dammam coastline: 304 tea-stains in a year. 316 with 2% molybdenum survives. Within 200 m of saltwater or direct spray, spec 316 or nothing.

Gauge × thickness × weight × use

Common gauges NLC uses for luminaire bodies, control panels, and outdoor enclosures.

Gauge (SWG)Thickness · WeightTypical use
22-gauge0.7 mm · 5.5 kg/m²Light luminaire trim, covers
20-gauge0.9 mm · 7.1 kg/m²Indoor lighting bodies
18-gauge1.2 mm · 9.4 kg/m²DBs, indoor electrical enclosures
16-gauge1.5 mm · 11.8 kg/m²MDB doors, outdoor luminaires
14-gauge2.0 mm · 15.7 kg/m²MV cubicles, outdoor MDB
12-gauge2.7 mm · 21.2 kg/m²Switchgear frames, structural
10-gauge3.4 mm · 26.8 kg/m²Heavy industrial enclosures

Five decisions that ride on the gauge

Once the metal is cut, you live with it. Get the choice right at spec.

Stiffness scales by thickness cubed.

Doubling thickness gives 8× stiffness, not 2×. A panel door at 1.2 mm flexes when you press it. Same door at 2.0 mm feels solid. The customer reads "solid" as "quality" before they read the spec sheet.

Aluminium is 1/3 weight, 1/3 stiffness.

To match a 1.5 mm steel panel's stiffness, you need ~2.4 mm aluminium. The weight savings shrink. The real win is corrosion, not weight, aluminium oxide is the paint that paints itself.

Galvanised + powder coat is not redundant.

Powder coat is a 60-micron polymer. Scratch it, and bare steel under it rusts. HDG underneath gives a sacrificial zinc layer that protects the scratch. Coastal Saudi specs should always be HDG + powder.

Spec the grade, not just the gauge.

"1.5 mm sheet steel" is a useless line in a BOQ. It can be DKP, S235JR structural, electro-galvanised, or hot-dipped. Cost varies 3×, corrosion life varies 30×. Write the grade.

Brushed 304 looks like 316, for one summer.

Tea-staining (light surface rust on 304) shows up fastest on brushed finishes because the grooves trap chlorides. If aesthetic matters at the coast, spec 316 brushed or 304 with a polished No.4 finish that sheds water.

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